Dr Kubo Mačák is Professor of International Law at the University of Exeter, United Kingdom. Kubo is the author of the book Internationalized Armed Conflicts in International Law (Oxford University Press 2018) and has published widely in peer-reviewed journals including the International & Comparative Law Quarterly, the Journal of Conflict and Security Law, and the Journal of Cyber Policy.
Prof. Mačák has been actively involved with the NATO CCDCOE for several years. He contributed as a peer reviewer for the Tallinn Manual 2.0 and currently serves as the General Editor of the Cyber Law Toolkit. Additionally, he is the Principal Investigator of the global collaborative project The Handbook on Developing a National Position on International Law in Cyberspace: A Practical Guide for States, set to be published by NATO CCDCOE in 2025. The project is led by the University of Exeter, in partnership with the NATO CCDCOE and the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of Estonia and Japan. Prof. Mačák is also the lead editor of the NATO CCDCOE’s forthcoming book International Law and Artificial Intelligence in Armed Conflict: The AI-Cyber Interplay.
Prof. Mačák holds a DPhil in international law from the University of Oxford and has held research fellowships at the Universities of Bonn (Germany), Haifa (Israel), Leiden (The Netherlands) and Wuhan (China). He has also worked at the United Nations ad hoc tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. From 2019 to 2023, he served as a legal adviser at the International Committee of the Red Cross in Geneva. His research interests span international humanitarian law, international cyber law, and general international law.